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STATES PANT FFT@.

J. LEVY AND C. JONES, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MODE OE FROSTING GLASS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 9,453, dated December '7, 1852.

To all `whom t may concern.'

Be it known that we, .loi-1N LnvY and CHARLES JoNns, of the city,county, and State of New York, have invented certain 5 new and usefulImprovements in Machinery for Frosting and Figuring Plates of Glass; andwe do hereby declare that the lfollowing is a full, clear, and eXactdescription of the `same, reference being made to the annexed drawing,making a part of this specification,

which is an isoinetrical view of our apparatus. n n n Our inventionconsists in certain improvements in machinery and the application of l5models or patterns for the ornamenting of glass plates and othermaterial capable of being acted upon by attritionbr friction. As appliedby us to glass it consists in forining ornaments in very low relief upona 2O frosted ground, the ornamental figures being left of the naturaltransparency of the glass, or the reverse of this may be made, thefigures being in intaglio,77 or depressed below the general surface. Thefrosting is effected by the usual mixture of sand and gravel moistenedwith water, but our manner of applying it is a part of the presentinvention.

That our improvements may be the better understood we deem it proper tostate briefly the old modes.

The chief application of this material has been to frost the interior ofglass globes for lamp shades, &c. The plan was to put the mixture ofsand, gravel, and water within the globe and keep that slowly rotatinguntil all the interior surface was properly scratched or ground. Whenthe shade was further ornamented, it was by cutting figures upon theoutside in the usual manner of glass cutting.

l/Ve are aware that a method of ornainenting plates of glass has beenproposed by placing the same within a rocking trough,

and by canting the trough from side to side gradually effect thescratching of the surface by the friction of the sand and pebbles.

The stiffness of the pasty mass formed by the grinding ingredients issuch that this is Afterward when the glass is to be further ornainentedit is cut by the grinding tools in the usual way.

In our improvements we e'ect the ornainenting of the plates of glass andthe frosting at a single operation and with very great speed, after thefollowing manner: Te first construct a strong frame, as seen at A.Between the main uprights we put rollers lying horizontally and at thesame height, as shown at (b). Upon these rollers we lay an oblongtrough, water tight, as seen at C. This trough is intended to be rapidlyagitated by short horizontal strokes. This is produced by a pitinan (d)connected with a crank or other mechanical device for effecting thisend. The plate of glass to be acted upon is then laid in the trough andsecured firmly to its bottom. Tf the frosting only is to be done, sandand gravel is put in in sufficient quant-ity for the purpose andino-isteiied with water only so far as to make a stiff pasty mass. Thetrough is then put in rapid vibration until the frost-ing is completed.The theory of the operation is this: The agitation is intended to be ofsuch a velocity as to withdraw the glass away from the particles ofsand, &c., before those acquire any considerable motion, so that theglass is arbitrarily thrust back and forth against the sand and therebya much greater amount of surface is passed over in the same space oftime than would be were the'sand to be made to travel by its owngravity, and consequently a largely increased amount of work iseffected. This arrangement also permits of a great number of piecesbeing acted upon at once. The glass when frosted may be ornainented byt-he usual modes. W'hen iigures and ornaments are to be applied we usethe following process which forms the second part of our invention:Previous to putting the glass plate into the trough we determine the design for ornamenting and also whether it shall be in relief or intaglio.For a relief, we cut a pattern of some thin metallic substance, as sheetcopper, (or any substance which will resist the abrading action of thegrinding materials in the trough,) say a vine or wreath of leaves andflowers. This pattern we cement to the surface of the glass (as seen atthe letter e) on the parts we wish it worked. Then the plate, as before,is secured to the bottom of the trough, with the surface upward on whichthe metal pattern is. Sand, &c., being put in, the whole is prepared andworked as before described for plain glass. lt will now be seen that themg materials, While the rest of the surface is being frosted andslightly reduced in thickness. The process being complete, the glass istaken out, the copper' plat-e removed, and the ornament is found in very10W relief upon the surface. The intaglio figures are effected by areverse of this arrangement, that is to say, if instead of putting onthe patterns cut out of the plate before described We should non7 put onthe glass the other part, or the piece from which that was taken, andthen proceed as before, We should have all that part of the glass whichWas ground before now protected and the same figures now produced belowthe surface by grinding.

Very many combinations may be produced by our mode, for both sides ofthe glass may be acted on alternately, and by a skilful ar rangement ofthe patterns the two sides may be Worked into figures having a greatvariety in light and shade as Well as outline.

What We claim as our invention and desire to secure by Letters Patentis- 1. Frosting and figuring glass by fixing the plates to be treated ina trough or vessel containing sand, pebbles, and Water and subjected toa short quick vibratory motion in a longitudinal direction by anysuitable mechanical movement, thus causing the glass to pass thro-ughthe mass of gritty material before any considerable momentum is impartedto that mass, as more fully set forth herein.

2. We claim forming ornaments upon the glass by the application ofpatterns or designs in connection with the process of frosting by theaction of the sand and pebblesp44 substantially as set forth herein.

JOHN LEVY.

. CHARLES JONES. lVitnesses:

S. H. MAYNARD,

L. W. BRAINARD, Jr.

